亚麻籽油对脂多糖刺激断奶仔猪肠黏膜结构和免疫细胞的影响

Effects of Flaxseed Oil on Intestinal Mucosa Structure and Immune Cells of Weaned Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

本试验旨在研究亚麻籽油对脂多糖(LPS)刺激断奶仔猪肠黏膜结构和免疫细胞的影响。选择24头(9.15±0.90)kg杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验采用2×2双因子设计,主因子包括:1)饲粮处理(5%玉米油或5%亚麻籽油);2)免疫应激(注射生理盐水或LPS)。饲粮中添加5%玉米油或5%亚麻籽油饲喂21 d,在试验第21天,每组1/2的猪腹膜注射100μg/kg BW的LPS,另外1/2的猪腹膜注射等量生理盐水。注射LPS或生理盐水4 h后,将仔猪麻醉屠宰,取肠道样品待测。结果表明:1)LPS刺激显著降低了空肠、回肠绒毛高度和空肠隐窝深度(P<0.05),显著提高空肠固有层细胞密度和嗜中性粒细胞数目(P<0.05),有降低空肠上皮间淋巴细胞数目(P=0.080)和回肠杯状细胞数目(P=0.059)的趋势;2)LPS刺激对亚麻籽油组仔猪空肠、回肠绒毛高度无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮添加5%亚麻籽油有提高回肠派氏结细胞密度的趋势(P=0.064),且在LPS刺激下,显著降低空肠固有层细胞密度(P<0.05),并有增加空肠上皮间淋巴细胞数目的趋势(P=0.069)。结果提示,5%亚麻籽油在一定程度上可维护LPS刺激断奶仔猪的小肠黏膜结构和免疫功能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of flaxseed oil on intestinal mucosa structure and immune cells of weaned piglets after lipopolysaccharide （LPS） challenge. Twenty-four Duroc Landrace Yorkshine crossed-bred weaned piglets with average body weight （BW） of （9.15±0.90） kg were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates each and one pig per replicate. The experiment consisted of a 2×2 factorial design, and the main factors included： 1 ） diet treatment （5% flaxseed oil or 5% corn oil） ; 2） immu- nological challenge （LPS or physiological saline injection）. After being fed diets supplemented with 5% corn oil or 5% flaxseed oil for 21 days, pigs were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg/kg BW LPS or the same doze of saline half and half. At 4 h postinjection, pigs were anaesthetized and slaughtered, and the intestinal samples were collected for analysis. The results showed as follows： 1 ） LPS challenge significantly decreased villus height in jejunum and ileum as well as crypt depth in jejunum （P〈0.05）, and significantly increased the lamina propria cell density and the number of neutrophils in jejunum （P〈0.05）. LPS challenge tended to re- duce the number of epithelial lymphocytes （IELs） in jejunum （ P = 0.080 ） and the number of goblet cells in ile- um （P= 0.059）. 2） LPS challenge did not significantly affect villus height in jejunum and ileum of pigs in flaxseed oil groups （P〉0.05）. However, dietary 5% flaxseed oil tended to increase the Peyer＇s patch cell den- sity in ileum （P = 0.064）, especially under LPS challenge, significantly reduced the lamina propria cell density in jejunum （P〈0.05）, and tended to increase the number of IELs in jejunum （P=0.069）. These results indi- cate that 5% flaxseed oil can maintain small intestinal mucosa structure and immune function of weaned piglets after LPS challenge.