植物精油与丁酸钠复合制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清抗氧化指标、粪便菌群及氨逸失的影响

Effects of Plant Essential Oil and Sodium Butyrate Compound Preparation on Growth Performance,Serum Antioxidant Indices,Fecal Flora and Ammonia Loss of Weaner Piglets

本试验旨在研究植物精油与丁酸钠复合制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清抗氧化指标、粪便菌群及氨逸失的影响。试验选择300头体重在(11.20±0.29)kg的28日龄健康"杜×长×大"仔猪,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复25头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,植物精油组(EO组)饲喂基础饲粮+1 000 mg/kg植物精油制剂,植物精油与丁酸钠复合组(ES组)饲喂基础饲粮+1 000 mg/kg植物精油与丁酸钠复合制剂。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,EO和ES组末重分别提高了2.64%(P>0.05)和3.40%(P<0.05),平均日增重分别提高4.74%(P<0.05)和6.48%(P<0.05)。EO和ES组平均日采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比均低于对照组(P>0.05)。2)第14天时,EO和ES组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。第28天时,EO组血清T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)EO和ES组第7、14和21天粪便中大肠杆菌数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),ES组第7和14天粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著低于EO组(P<0.05)。EO和ES组第7和14天粪便中乳酸杆菌数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),ES组第7天粪便中乳酸杆菌数量显著高于EO组(P<0.05),ES组第21天粪便中乳酸杆菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)EO和ES组第14和28天粪便中氨态氮含量和脲酶活性均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。第14天时,ES组粪便中氨态氮含量显著低于EO组(P<0.05);第28天时,ES组粪便中氨态氮含量和脲酶活性均显著低于EO组(P<0.05)。由此可见,植物精油制剂和植物精油与丁酸钠复合制剂都对仔猪生长性能、血清抗氧化指标、粪便菌群及氨逸失有积极的影响,且植物精油与丁酸钠复合制剂效果更好。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of plant essential oil and sodium butyrate compound preparation on growth performance, serum antioxidant indices, fecal flora and ammonia loss of weaner piglets. A total of 300 healthy 28-day-old ＂DurocxLangdrancexLarge White＂ piglets with an average body weight of （11.20±0.29） kg were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 25 pig- lets per replicate. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, piglets in the plant essential oil group （ EO group） were fed the basal diet＋ 1 000 mg/kg plant essential oil preparation, and piglets in the plant essential oil and sodium butyrate compound group （ES group） were fed the basal diet＋l 000 mg/kg plant essential oil and sodium butyrate compound preparation. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） compared with the control group, the final weight of EO and ES groups was increased by 2.64% （P〉0.05） and 3.40% （P〈0.05）, respectively; the average daily gain of EO and ES groups was increased by 4.74% （P〈0.05） and 6.48% （P〈0.05）, respectively. The average daily feed intake of EO and ES groups was sig- nificantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05）, and the ratio of feed to gain was lower that of control group （P〉0.05）. 2） At the 14th day, the serum total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） of EO and ES groups was significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05）, the serum malondialdehyde （MDA） was significant- ly lower than that of control group （P〈0.05）. At the 28th day, the T-AOC of EO group was significantly high- er than that of control group （ P〈0.05）. 3） The fecal Escherichia coli number of EO and ES groups was sig- nificantly lower than that of control group at the 7th, ]4th and 21^st day （P〈0.05）, the fecal Escherichia coli number of ES group was significantly lower than that of EO group at the 7th and 14th days （ P〈0.05 ）. The fecal Lactobacillus number of EO and ES groups was significantly higher than that of control group at the 7th and 14th day （ P〈0.05）, the fecal Lactobacillus number of ES group was significantly higher than that of EO group at the 7th day （P〈0.05） , the fecal Lactobacillus number of ES group was significantly higher than that of control group at the 21st day （P〈0.05）. 4） The fecal ammoniacal nitrogen content and urease activity of EO and ES groups were significantly lower than those of control group at the 14th and 28th day （P〈0.05）. At the 14th day, the fecal ammoniacal nitrogen content of ES group was significantly lower than that of EO group （P〈0.05） ; at the 28th day, the fecal ammoniacal nitrogen content and urease activity of ES group were significantly lower than those of EO group （P〈0.05）. The results suggested that both plant essential oil preparation and plant es- sential oil and sodium butyrate compound preparation have positive effect on growth performance, serum an- tioxidant indices, fecal flora and ammonia loss of piglets, and the plant essential oil and sodium butyrate com- pound preparation has better effect.