张景岳之“君相二火”探析

Analysis of ZHANG Jingyue's “sovereign and ministerial fire”

"君相二火",乃君火、相火的统称。君火、相火首见于《黄帝内经》,为中医学重要理论之一。中医学认为"火"有自然之火、人体之火之分,人体之火又分少火、壮火,其中少火具有维持人体内外环境平衡的功能,分为君火、相火。对"君相二火"的认识历代医家各有不同,探讨纷呈,歧义颇多。明代医家张景岳在《黄帝内经》的基础上,结合临床经验,对"君相二火"提出了独到的见解并有深刻阐发,即午为君火,子为相火,光明之气为君火,形之质为相火;君相之义,无脏不有,"君相二火"乃正气;君道惟神,相道惟力,君火于人属心,相火于人属肾。

＂Sovereign and ministerial fire＂,is the general name of the fire of sovereign and ministerial,firstly appeared in the ＂Huangdi＇s Internal Classic＂,which is one of the important theory of traditional Chinese medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that ＂fire＂ has a natural fire,the fire of the human body,the fire of the human body is divided into less fire and strong fire,and less fire has the function of maintaining the balance of the environment inside and outside the human body,they are sovereign and ministerial fire.The understanding of the ＂sovereign and ministerial fire＂ is different from the doctors of the past dynasties,with many disambiguation and a lot of ambiguity.On the basis of the Huangdi＇s Internal Classic,ZHANG Jingyue,the medical expert of the Ming Dynasty,combined with clinical experience,put forward his unique views on ＂sovereign and ministerial fire＂ and had a profound explanation,which is ＂the period of the day from 11 a.m.to 1 p.m.is the sovereign fire,the period of the day from 11 p.m.to 1 a.m.is the ministerial fire; the spirit of light is sovereign fire,and the quality of shape is ministerial fire; sovereign and ministeria fire run over the whole body,it is healthy atmosphere＂.Sovereign charges mental,ministerial charges force,sovereign fire belongs to heart,ministerial fire belongs to kidney.