高速铁路对沿线城市可达性和空间经济格局影响研究——以郑徐-郑西高铁为例

Study on the Influence of High-speed Railways on the Accessibility and Spatial Economic Pattern of Cities along the Lines——Taking Zhengzhou-Xuzhou and Zhengzhou-Xi'an High-speed Railways as Examples

高速铁路是一种重要的现代化交通运输方式,能够对沿线城市的可达性和空间经济格局产生深远影响.以郑徐-郑西高速铁路为例,借助时间距离测算模型、引力模型、经济潜能模型等方法,探讨了郑徐-郑西高铁建成前后对于沿线城市可达性和空间经济格局的影响.结果表明,郑徐-郑西高铁的建设使得沿线城市间的可达性显著提高,其中郑徐高铁沿线提升最为明显;城市间的经济联系明显增强,空间经济格局呈现出由沿高铁延伸的经济发展轴和以郑汴洛都市区、西渭都市区为重要经济发展区组成的"一轴两核"的发展趋势;郑州市的区域核心地位显著增强;县级城市在郑徐-郑西高铁开通后经济发展条件改善较为明显.

Compared with other means of transportation, High-speed railway had the advantage of transportation time, transportation capacity and service quality. As a product of the world traffic technological innovation, High- speed railway had become the trend of railway development all over the world. As a key modern transportation method, High-speed railways could exert far-reaching influences on cities along lines about accessibility and spatial economic pattern. The first High-speed railway in China was the Jingjin intercity railway, opened in 2008. Since then, China＇s High-speed railways industry had entered a stage of rapid development. By the end of 2016, the mileage of China＇s High-speed railways had reached 22 000 kilometers, ranking first in the world, which had injected a powerful impetus for China＇s economic development. Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed railway and Zhengzhou-Xi＇an High-speed railway were an important part of China＇s High-speed railway network and channel bridge, linking between the eastern region,the central region and the western region.Therefore, its opening has far- reaching construction significance. This paper took Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed railway and Zhengzhou-Xi＇an High-speed railway as examples, depended on the study methods of time-distance measurement model, gravity model and economic potential model, and discussed the influence of the construction of High-speed railways on the accessibility and spatial economic pattern of cities along the lines. Result showed that the building of Zhengzhou- Xuzhou High-speed railway and Zhengzhou-Xi＇an High-speed railway significantly improved the accessibility of cities along the lines, especially those along Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed railway;The economic interaction among the cities were apparently enhanced, and the spatial economic pattern presented the development tendency of ＂one axis and two cores＂, the economic development axis stretching along the High-speed railways and the two key economic development zones--Zhengzhou-Kaifeng-Luoyang metropolitan area and Xi＇an-Weinan metropolitan area; The regional core status of Zhengzhou City was strengthened, and was first both in time-distance, urban gravity and economic potential. The County level eitys＇ conditions of economic development were most significantly improved after the launch of Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed railway and Zhengzhou-Xi＇an High-speed railway, especially Dangshan,Yongcheng, Xiaoxian and Lingbao. The High-speed railway played an important role in promoting the economy along the line, but how to make good use of the advantage of high-speed railway was one of the problems that need to he solved at present. As China＇s High-speed railway was still in the stage of rapid development, the economic links between cities and the regional economic structure were also changing.As can be seen, the impact of High-speed railway has greatly affected China＇s future development trend. Although the length and span of the Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed railway and Zhengzhou-Xi＇an High speed railway were relatively limited, its practical significance was very representative and universal.Cities and High-speed railways promoted each other, and actively integrated.This form would become the epitome of China＇s future development.