四川主产地花椒铅(Pb)累积特性及残留量检测与风险评估

The Accumulation Characteristics,Residues Detection and Risk Assessment of Lead( Pb) in Chinese Prickly Ash from Main Production Areas in Sichuan

以四川主要花椒产地的18个试验点为对象,研究四川主产区花椒对Pb的积累特性及食用风险。结果表明:花椒树皮、树枝、树叶、果实对土壤中的铅均有一定的富集能力;各部位有机态铅含量均显著高于其他4种形态;花椒果皮样品的总铅含量显著高于其他部位样品,花椒树枝和树叶样品中的总铅含量差异不显著,花椒树皮的总铅含量均较低;花椒果皮内梅罗污染指数P值等级显示,花椒果实有一定的超标风险;土壤总铅含量的高低与花椒果皮总铅含量的高低无显著对应关系,但土壤生物有效性K值越高,花椒果皮中铅的富集风险越大;成年人对于花椒中铅(Pb)的目标风险系数THQ都远低于1.0,说明花椒可食用部分中重金属铅含量对我国消费者的健康暂时是风险极低的。

In this paper,18 experimental points of Chinese prickly ash main production areas in Sichuan were taken as objects, aiming to study the accumulation characteristics of lead and risk of eating. The resuits showed that：barks,branches,leaves,and cones of Chinese prickly ash all had certain ability to enrich lead in soil; the organic form contents in every plant tissue of Chinese prickly ash were significantly higher than other 4 forms ; the total lead content in every peel sample was significantly higher than that in other tissue samples; the difference in total lead content between branch and leaf samples was not obvious ; The total lead contents of barks was lower; The Nemerow Pollution Index P value grade showed certain overproof risk; The total lead content of soil had no obvious relationship with peels; But the higher the bioavailability K value of soil, the bigger the enrichment risk of peels ; The target risk factor （THQ） of Pb in Chinese prickly ash for adults was far lower than 1.0, which explained that the Pb content in edible parts of Chinese prickly ash was extremely low-risk to our consumers＇ health in a short period.