苯丙乳液的成膜性能与静电纺丝工艺研究

Study on film forming property and electrospinning process of styrene-acrylic emulsion

以苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸(AA)为单体,通过乳液聚合法合成苯丙乳液,并利用苯丙乳液进行静电纺丝,从而避免了传统溶液静电纺丝中有机溶剂的使用,同时提高了纺丝效率,纺丝液固含量可达37%.通过马尔文粒径测试、DSC、SEM、FTIR等手段对乳液和静电纺纤维膜进行表征.研究发现,当乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)的质量比为2∶1、St和BA体积比为2∶1时,乳液粒径最小且分布集中,所得共聚物的玻璃化温度Tg=17℃,有利于纤维的形成.当乳液和助纺剂PVA水溶液的固含量之比小于10∶1时,纤维直径为500~700nm且分布均匀,没有"串珠"出现,用水洗掉PVA组分之后,仍能保持完整的纤维膜形态.

Styrene-acrylic emulsion was prepared by using styrene（St）, butyl acrylate（BA） and acroleic acid （AA） as monomers through emulsion polymerization. The obtained emulsion was applied to electro- spinning, this process increased the efficiency of electrospinning and avoided organic solvent. Solid content of spinning solution was reached up to 37%. The derived emulsion and nanofiber were characterized by Mastersizer-2000 diameter analyzer, DSC, SEM and FTIR. Results showed that emulsion with the smal- lest size and narrow diameter distribution were prepared when the mass ratio of lauryl sodium sulfate （SDS）/alkylphenol ethoxylates（OP-10） and the volume ratio of St/BA were all 2 ： 1. Glass transition temperature （T,） of the copolymer was 17 ℃, which was beneficial to the forming of nanofiber. The nanofiber had homogeneous diameter within 500-700 nm when the ratios of solid content in emulsion and PVA solution was less than 10 ： 1, while the appearance of ＂bunchy beads＂ was avoided. In addition, fiber morphology could be maintained well after removal of PVA component with water.