消费主义与“世界文学”

Consumerism and " World Literature"

消费主义是资本逻辑和技术理性合谋的结果。但何谓消费主义?谁主世界潮流?消费意识缘何成为大众意识,作家、理论家如何在写作或思辨中实现或抵抗所谓的"现代性"或"后现代性"?往大处说,世界常常是少数所谓的主流大国和强国;往小处说,"世界文学"也主要是少数西方大国和综合国力强盛国家的文学。这在几乎所有世界文学史的写作中都或多或少有所体现。因此,世界等于民族这个反向结果其实是一直存在的,只不过它从来没有像今天这样表现得清晰明了和毋庸置疑。盖因在跨国资本的全球化进程中,利益高于一切。换句话说,资本之外,一切皆无。而全球资本的主要支配者所追求的利润、所奉行的逻辑、所遵从的价值、所代表的集团和它们针对弱国或发展中国家的去民族化、去本土化意识形态,显然与各民族的传统文化和信仰不可调和地构成了一对矛盾。

Consumerism is the result of the combination between capital logic and technical rationality.But what is consumerism？Who determines world trend？Why does consumer consciousness become popular consciousness？And how do writers and theorists realize or resist the so-called ＂ modernity＂ or ＂postmodernism＂ in their writing or thinking？To the large extent,the world is often the minority of so-called major powers and powers;to the smallest extent,＂ world literature＂ is also mainly the literature of a handful of Western powers and countries with comprehensive national strength.This is more or less reflected in the writing of almost all the history of world literature.Therefore,the reverse result of the world being equal to the people actually exists all along,but it has never been as clear and unquestionable as it is today,because the benefits are above all else in the globalization of transnational capital.In other words,nothing is out of capital.The profits pursued,the logic practiced,the values observed,and the groups represented by the chief dominants of global capital,and their de-nationalization and delocalization are irreconcilable with the traditional culture and beliefs of the weak or developing countries,forming a contradiction.