悬浮法制备新型功能玻璃

Novel Functional Glasses Fabricated by Containerless Processing

玻璃通常通过高温熔体迅速冷却得到,熔体与容器的接触易导致非均匀成核发生,常导致玻璃形成能力较弱的组分产生析晶。悬浮法可提供超高熔制温度、超快冷却速度,可以用于制备高熔点以及玻璃形成能力较弱的体系。介绍了若干最常见的悬浮熔炼法,总结了此技术在几种功能玻璃体系（Al2O3基、Nb2O5基、TiO2基和WO3基）制备中的应用,并对该技术的发展做出了展望。该技术有助于研究人员对玻璃结构组成形成新的理解,为新型功能玻璃设计提供新思路。

Glass is commonly fabricated by rapid cooling of high-temperature melt.However,heterogeneous nucleation easily occurs at the interface between the melt and container,which could lead to devitrification for compositions with weak glass-forming ability.Containerless processing（also called levitation） offers a super high melting temperature and enables super undercooling; it therefore provide a solution for the fabrication of glasses with high melting point or low glass-forming ability.This article briefly reviews several containerless methods and their applications in the fabrication of several novel functional glasses（including Al2O3-based,Nb2O5-based,TiO2-based and WO3-based）,and highlights future perspectives of these techniques.This technology may facilitate the establishment of new understandings on glass structure and construction which will help the researchers to design novel functional glass.