钺代表的军权意义的起源与发展

The Origination and Development of the Yue-battle Axes as the Representative of Military Power

夏商周时期钺的军权意义源于新石器时代。北阴阳营文化的石钺开始代表墓主人的军事身份,崧泽文化的钺开始代表军事统帅权,良渚文化中钺及其代表的军权地位更加重要。大汶口文化的玉钺象征军权,而龙山文化中玉、石钺的意义分化,陶寺文化中玉钺代表的军权社会地位较高。夏以钺代表军权,或受了陶寺和龙山文化的影响。

The way of ＂（leading the） expedition with the yue-battle ax in hand＂ in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties originated in the Neolithic Age; the stone yue-battle axes of the Bei Yinyangying Culture were the symbols of the military power of their owners. The ＂leading the expedition with the yue-battle ax in hand＂ first appeared in the Songze Culture; in the Liangzhu Culture, the yue-battle axes and the military power represented by them played even more important role. In the Longshan Culture, the yue-battle axes made of jade and stone began to have different symbolic meanings. In the Taosi Culture, the jade yue-battle axes and the military powers represented by them had higher positions. The way of symbolizing military power with yue-battle ax in the Xia Dynasty might be influenced by the Taosi and Longshan Cultures.