医疗专利转化困境的成因与对策分析

Analysis on the causes and countermeasures of the dilemma in medical patents transfer

目的了解医疗专利转化困境的成因，分析相应的对策。方法对医疗专利转化过程中涉及的相关人员进行深度访谈，结合文献分析法阐明医疗专利转化困境的成因，提出改善专利转化困境、促进医疗专利转化的对策。结果医疗专利的专业性和技术性、发明人的特殊身份、专利转化制度不完善、医院管理层对待专利转化的态度和尚不注重专利转化的环境等导致了医疗专利转化的困境产生。通过成立专门的转化机构、对转化人员进行奖励、完善转化制度和流程等方式可促进专利转化的进行。结论综合考虑客观环境，有效利用可利用的资源，充分发挥医院与企业各自的长处，弥补双方的不足，获得相应政策的支持，才能实现医疗专利的顺利转化。

Objective To investigate the causes of the dilemma in the medical patents transfer, analyze the corresponding countermeasures. Methods The research clarify the causes of the dilemma in the medical patents transfer and put forward countermeasures to promote the medical patents trans- fer according to depth interviews to relevant personnel involved in medical patents transfer and litera- ture analysis. Results A lot o{ ~actors, including the professionalism and technical of the medical pa tents, the special status of the inventor, the imperfect institutions, attitude of hospital administration to the medical patents transfer and environment which ignore the medical patents transfer, lead to the dilemma of the medical patents transfer. Countermeasures like the establishment of a special transfor- mation entity, the incentives for transformation personnel, improve the transformation system and processes can promote the medical patents transfer. Conclusions Comprehensive consideration of the objective environment, the effective using of available resources, encouraging collaborations between hospitals and enterprises to making good use of their own advantages, as well as ask for related regula- tory support, can help the smooth transfer of medical patents.