文化创意产业区位模型与浙江实证

Location model of cultural & creative industry and its application in Zhejiang

以浙江省为例,基于区位熵方法借助从业人员数据刻画文化创意产业空间格局,并运用主成分分析法与OLS模型,甄别驱动因素佐证文化创意产业区位模型。结果表明:(1)市域尺度浙江文化创意产业区位规律不仅具有"资本空间"(杭州)集聚性,还具有"地方空间"(舟山、金华和台州)分异性;(2)经济科教、政府支持、市场需求、环境、交通和地方性是重要区位因素,且不同重点行业、不同地理层级所受区位因素不尽相同;(3)浙江文化创意产业全行业区位特征主要是基础设施和管治双要素驱动型,8重点行业区位特征主要是"软因子"驱动型;(4)研究有助于提升城市文化创意产业政策着力点与规划调控协同性。

Industrial location has been a heated debate in the field of economic geography and urban geography. The selection of industrial location theory includes classical location theory, behavior location theory, strategic location theory, organizational structure location theory and new economic geography location theory. The location theory of cultural ＆ creative industry is one of the crucial topics in the field of new industries, representing a new branch of the location study in terms of the new economic geography. Existing research has been lacking of the classic empirical materials to analyse the spatial pattern and driving factors of cultural ＆ creative industry. This paper chooses Zhejiang as a case study to demonstrate location factors of cultural ＆ creative industry and its impact on cities. Firstly, based on the perspective of enterprises, this paper attempts to build cultural ＆ creative industry location model including infrastructure, governance, market, and soft factor. Secondly, this paper uses the employment data of each city / district to describe the spatial pattern of cultural creative industries at city level from the perspective of whole industries and the key industries dimension by means of location entropy. Then, principal component analysis and OLS model were used to identify the contribution of driving factors to industrial location. The results can be concluded as follows： （1） From the perspective of spatial selection of cultural ＆ creative industry, cultural ＆ creative industry tends to choose primate city in Zhejiang, and some of the key industries choose their locations in big cities such as Hangzhou, as well as in some historical small and medium-sized cities such as Zhoushan, Jinhua and Taizhou. So, the spatial pattern of cultural ＆ creative industry in Zhejiang has presented a pattern of ＂capital space＂ agglomeration and differentiation of ＂local space＂. （2） Economic, science and technology, government support, market demand, environment, transportation and local characteristics are important location factors of cultural ＆ creative industry in this province. Different key industries and their geospatial scales show their impact on geographical location factors, which colloborates the rationality of the location model of creative industry. That is to say, the cultural ＆ creative industry location model has heterogeneity. （3） The spatial location of the whole industries in Zhejiang is mainly driven by factors of infrastructure provision and government policy. The spatial location of the key industries is mainly driven by the ＂soft factor＂, such as social tolerance. Jinhua became the ＂highland＂ in the field of art creation and trade and media publishing industry, and the industrial pattern of cultural ＆ creative industry in Zhoushan and Taizhou, can respectively be characterized by the tourism and leisure industry and art creation and trading industry. （4） This research aims to construct the theoretical framework of integrating economic geography and cultural geography from the perspective of the theory of new industry location. In addition, the cultural ＆ creative industry is actively rooted in local city, and leading industries of eleven cities in Zhejiang are not the same, so the location model can provide policy implication for the government in terms of cultural ＆ creative industries policy, and targeted policies support with consideration of features of the city and industry.