我国外资引进环境与引进效率的评价研究——基于主成分分析与两阶段DEA方法

Evaluation on the Environment and Efficiency of Absorbing FDI in China Based on PCA and Two-stage DEA

外资引进环境是东道国政治、经济、市场、技术等方面的综合体现,评价外资引进环境不仅涉及其变化过程,而且要考虑外资引入绩效。文章基于主成分分析方法研究自2008年国际金融危机以来到2015年间我国外资引进环境的动态变化情况,并在此基础上进一步采用两阶段数据包络分析方法评价和分解我国省级区域的外资引进效率。研究结果显示,金融危机以来,我国整体外资引进环境不断优化,但外资经营环境吸引力还不稳定;外资引进整体效率水平基本平稳,危机对引资效率的负面影响短暂,外资本土经营效率低下是外资引进效率的主要无效来源;东部及经济发达地区外资引进效率较高,西部及经济欠发达地区外资引进效率较低,中部地区的外资引进效率提升相对明显。

The FDI absorbing environment is the integrated embodiment of politics, economics, market and technology conditions of host country. Evaluation of FDI absorbing environment involves not only its evolution, but also the performance of the environment. Based on PCA, the paper studies the dynamic change of FDI absorbing environment in China from 2008 financial crisis to 2015. On this basis, the FDI absorbing efficiency is assessed and decomposed by applying the two-stage DEA method. The research shows that, the overall FDI absorbing environment constantly meliorates since the crisis, but the attractiveness of operational environment is not stable yet. The FDI absorbing efficiency is basically steady, and the negative effect of crisis is of short duration. The main source of FDI absorbing inefficiency in China is the low operation efficiency of FDI. The efficiency in the eastern and developed regions is relatively high, and relatively low in western and less developed regions, the improvement of FDI absorbing efficiency in the central region is remarkable.