神经内科重症患者感染病原菌特点及护理分析

Pathogenic characteristics and nursing status of infections in patients with severe neurological diseases

目的探究神经内科重症感染患者的临床特点及护理状况。方法选取2015年4月-2016年12月医院收治的80例神经内科重症感染患者为研究对象,观察感染患者感染部位、分离病原菌种类及护理前后各项症状自评量表SCL-90评分变化情况。结果 80例患者感染部位以呼吸系统感染为主占66.25%;80例重症感染患者感染部位分泌物共检出致病菌84株,其中革兰阴性菌54株占64.29%;革兰阳性菌25株占29.76%;真菌5株占5.95%。经护理干预后,患者在焦虑、抑郁、强迫症、人际关系敏感、恐怖及敌对等方面自评量表评分低于干预前(P<0.05)。结论神经内科重症患者感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。护理干预后,患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪减少;因此,医护人员应严格无菌操作,避免院内感染,提高服务质量。

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing status of infections in patients with severe neurological diseases.METHODS A total of 80 patients with severe infections in neurology department from Apr.2015 to Dec.2016 were selected as the research objects.The infection sites,the type of isolated pathogenic bacteria,and the symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）scores before and after nursing were observed.RESULTS The infection sites of 80 patients were mainly respiratory tract infections,accounting for 66.25%.Totally 84 strains of pathogens were detected from secretions of infection sites of 80 patients,including 54 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 64.29%,25 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounting for 29.76%,and 5 strains of fungi accounting for 5.95%.After nursing intervention,patients′self rating scale scores in anxiety,depression,obsessive-compulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity,fear and enemy equivalence were lower than those before intervention（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSIONThe pathogenic bacteria of severe patients in neurology are mainly gram-negative bacteria.After nursing intervention,patients′negative emotions such as anxiety and depression are reduced.Therefore,medical staff should strictly aseptic operation,avoid nosocomial infection and improve service quality.