今年我国流感流行的深度解析

Deep analysis of influenza epidemic in China in this year

2017年入冬以来,我国进入了流感流行季节,流行病毒株主要为B型流感病毒。本文从流感流行的历史,以及药物、疫苗、卫生干预三个方面深度解析了2017年中国流感流行和防控的基本特点。流感的有效治疗药物为神经氨酸酶抑制剂,临床使用上应及时判断识别重症患者,尽管有不少文献支持其使用价值,但是也应当注意其不良反应,在使用中慎重。目前,我国的流感三价疫苗,不能覆盖流行的主要病毒株Yamagata系,但是对其他共同流行毒株也有保护作用,建议高危人群及时接种。四价疫苗暂时未上市。卫生干预措施需进一步加强,特别是手卫生、减少接触等处理原则。中国大陆地区和台湾地区流感病例大量上升,香港地区病例数稳定。根据以往经验,中国大陆地区的流感还将继续持续一段时间。到目前为止,还无全球性的大流行。

OBJECTIVE China has entered in the season of influenza pandemic since it came to the winter of 2017,the influenza B virus is the major prevalent virus type.The article focuses on the basic characteristics of the influenza pandemic and its prevention and control by reviewing the history of influenza pandemic as well as drugs,vaccines and hygiene interventions.Neuraminidase inhibitors are effective for treatment of influenza,although their application value is recognized in many literatures,it is necessary to identify critically ill patients in clinical practice and use them with caution due to the adverse reactions.At present,the trivalent influenza vaccine can not cover the Yamagata strains,the major prevalent virus type,however,it may protect against other common prevalent strains,and the high-risk population should be vaccinated in time.Quadrivalent vaccine has not been licensed by now,health interventions should be further strengthened,especially the management principles such as hand hygiene and reduction of contacts.The number of cases of influenza is increased considerably in China's Mainland and Taiwan,China;but it is stable in Hong kong,China.According to the previous experience,the influenza in China's Mainland will continue for a period of time.So far,there has not been a global pandemic.