中国区域对外开放度的差异分解及空间收敛性研究

Study on Difference Decomposition and Spatial Convergence of Regional Openness in China

本文通过构建合理的区域对外开放度评价指标体系,利用熵权-G1法对31个省级单位的区域对外开放度进行了综合评价,并通过基尼系数等指标对我国区域对外开放度差异进行分解,利用2004—2014年的省级面板数据建立空间计量模型检验了我国区域对外开放度的空间收敛性.研究结果印证了我国区域对外开放度在时间维度上表现出"增加—降低—平稳"的发展特点,发现空间维度上存在"东高西低"的差异,具体表现为我国区域对外开放度空间上不存在α收敛,但存在β绝对收敛和条件收敛;我国区域对外开放度的内部差异程度是西部地区最大,东部次之,中部最小;促进我国整体区域对外开放度提升的重要因素主要是降低国有资产比重;促进东部区域对外开放的重要因素是降低国有资产比重、提高研发投入、增强污染治理内部成本;加速西部区域对外开放的重要因素是提高人均GDP和工业企业主营业务利润率.

It constructed the evaluation index system of regional openness,and evaluated synthetically the regional openness of 31 provincial units by using the entropy weight-G1 method. The regional differences of China＇s regional openness were decomposed by using the Gini coefficient and other indexes. To test the spatial convergence of China＇s regional openness,it established the spatial measurement model of provincial panel data from 2004 to 2014. The results show： China＇s regional openness is ＂increase-decrease-smooth＂in the time dimension,and ＂east high and west low＂in spatial dimension. China＇s regional openness does not exist α convergence in spatial dimension,but exists absolute βconvergence and condition β convergence. The internal differences of regional openness in the western region are larger than the eastern region,and the central region is the least one. Reducing the proportion of state-owned assets is an important factor to promote the improvement of China＇s overall regional openness. To promote the regional openness of eastern region,it is suggested to reduce the proportion of state-owned assets,increase RD investment and raise the internal costs of pollution control. Improving the capital GDP and the industrial business＇ s profit margins are the key factors to accelerate the regional openness of western region in China.