甘蓝型杂交油菜收获指数与植株性状的相关分析

Correlation Analysis of Harvest Index and Plant Traits of Hybrid Brassica napus

为研究收获指数与植株性状的相关关系及回归关系,测定649个甘蓝型杂交油菜新组合的收获指数、单株产量、株高、千粒重、角粒数、主花序角果长度、单株角果数、有效分枝位、一次分枝数、主序长度。研究发现,不同甘蓝型杂交油菜新组合收获指数差异较大,变幅为0.1292~0.3358,平均为0.2247,收获指数在0.30以上的组合仅占0.31%。收获指数与单株产量、角粒数、单株角果数、一次分枝数、主序长度、株高均呈极显著正相关。回归分析表明,株高、单株角果数、主花序角果长度、千粒重、角粒数5个性状对收获指数的影响较大。利用性状间的相关性,选育长角果和主花序长的材料,来提高育成材料的角粒数和千粒重;选育植株相对较高、主花序较长、一次分枝数较多的个体,来提高育成材料的单株角果数,最终育成单株产量较高的组合(或品种)。

The paper aims to study the correlation and regression relationship between the harvest index andplant traits. We determined harvest index, yield per plant, plant height, 1000-grain weight, seeds pod, themain inflorescence pod length, pods per plant, effective branch position, first branch number and the maininflorescence length of 649 new combinations of Brassica uapus. The harvest index of different newcombinations varied significantly. The amplitude of variation was 0.1292-0.3358, and the average was 0.2247.The proportion of harvest index which was more than 0.30 only accounted for 0.31%. The harvest index showedhighly significant correlation with yield per plant, grain number, number of silique per plant, first branchnumber, length of main inflorescence and plant height. The results of regression analysis showed that five traitsincluding plant height, number of silique per plant, length of main inflorescence, 1000-grain weight and grainnumber had greater impact on the harvest index. Thus, we can improve grain number and 1000-grain weight ofbreeding materials by utilizing the correlation among the traits and selecting materials that have longer siliqueand main inflorescence. In addition, we can select materials which are relatively higher with longer maininflorescence and more branches to improve the number of silique per plant of the bred material, to breed acombination（or variety） with higher single plant yield eventually.