我国收入差距的总体形势与应对思路

The overall situation of the income gap in China and the countermeasures

2008年后,我国收入差距有所下降,但仍处于高位平台期。城乡和地区收入差距呈"先降、后升、再降"的倒N型轨迹,但降幅趋缓甚至再次扩大;财富占有差距迅速扩大,财产收入差距的贡献增加。综合来看,收入差距的演变趋势存在不确定性。当前缩小收入差距,既有有利条件,也受到约束制约:刘易斯拐点已经到来,但劳动和资本的相对议价能力仍受全球化约束;要素流动正在由集聚转向扩散,但扩散效应对空间发展格局的改善受到市场不完善的制约;国家发展战略更加平衡,但公共服务投入分布不均;社会保障体系初步建立,但财富占有不平等的马太效应未能得到遏制。新时期,应坚定不移建立全国统一市场,并促进公共服务均等化;坚定不移支持民营经济发展,并加大再分配力度;坚定不移深化对外开放,并发挥"成长红利"。

After 2008,the income gap between Chinahas declined,but it is still in high stage. The income gap between urban and rural areas,and regions takes on the inverted N-type trajectory of ＂first fall,then rise,and then fall＂,but the decline has slowed down and even expanded again. The wealth gap has widened rapidly and the contribution of the income gap has increased. Taken together,the evolution trend of the income gap is uncertain. At present,narrowing the income gap is both favorable and constrained： The Lewis turning point has come,but the relative bargaining power of labor and capital is still constrained by globalization. The factor flow is shifting from agglomeration to diffusion,but the diffusing effect on the improvement of spatial development pattern is restricted by market imperfections. The national development strategy is more balanced,but the input of public service is unevenly distributed. The social security system is initially established,but the Matthew effect of inequality in wealth is not contained. In the new era,we should firmly establish a national unified market and promote equalization of public service. We should unswervingly support the development of private economy and increase redistribution. And we should unflinchingly deepen opening-up to the outside world and play a ＂growth dividend＂.