城市轨道交通车站乘客聚散行为仿真及优化

Optimizing the Diffusion Behavior of Passengers in an Urban Rail Transit Station through Simulation Methods

为定量化分析乘客在城市轨道交通车站中的交通特性和聚散行为,在阐述车站乘客聚散行为特征的基础上,基于Anylogic软件平台,提出行人自组织行为、行李携带状况和服务与等待过程模拟的实现方法,并以重庆轨道交通南坪站为实例分析对象进行仿真建模,通过分析车站主要区域的人流强度和密度,寻找车站系统的瓶颈点并提出相应的优化改进措施。仿真结果表明,南坪站站厅层检票区、自主购票区乘客流交织冲突现象明显,进行交通组织优化后,站厅层闸机区最大人流密度降低40%,安检区域最大人流强度下降9.4%。

This paper is designed to quantitatively explain the pedestrian crowd movement, particularly the diffusion behavior in urban rail transit systems. After an elaboration on the diffusion behavior, the authors have proposed methods to simulate self-organized pedestrian crowds, the luggage-carrying status and waiting times based on the Any Logic simulation software. Taking the Nanping Station of the Chongqing Rail Transit system as a simulation model, this paper finds solutions to the bottlenecks in the system through an analysis of the intensity and density of pedestrian flows in the station. Results of the simulation highlight an apparent conflict of passenger flow on the station＇s concourse floor where automatic ticket machines and check-in gates are located. The paper concludes the application of traffic optimization methods lowers the traffic density at the check-in gates by 40%. And the intensity of pedestrian flow at the security check area is down by 9.4%.