大数据侦查在司法活动中的应用与制度构建

Research on the Application of Big Data Investigation in Judicial Activities and Institution Construction

大数据侦查对传统侦查模式而言是一次革命性的变革。大数据侦查对司法活动中数据的发现、提取、追踪、储存、研判和应用,开辟了侦查模式的新纪元。文章从多个方面系统地研究了大数据侦查在司法活动中的应用问题,即全面研究了大数据侦查在司法活动中的特征与价值,大数据侦查在司法活动中存在的困境,包括公权力与个人信息权的博弈在法律上很难认定、大数据预测在因果推理中带来的困惑、大数据分析结论在证据形式中的法律地位问题、大数据侦查的预测性在司法实践中可能会违背无罪推定原则、传统侦查思维模式的阻挠和缺乏复合型司法侦查人才等问题。同时,对大数据侦查在司法活动中的制度构建问题进行了研究,明确了大数据侦查在司法活动中的制度构建原则问题以及完善大数据侦查在司法活动中的制度构建措施等。

Big data investigation is a revolutionary transformation compared with the traditional investigation mode. Big data investigation opens a new era for investigation mode with the discovery,extraction,track,storage,study and determination as well as application of the data in judicial activities. This paper systematically studies the application of big data investigation in judicial activities from many perspectives and fully studies the characteristics and value of big data investigation and the dilemmas of it in judicial activities,including the difficulty of identifying public power and personal information right in law,the confusion brought by big data prediction in causal reasoning,the legal status of big data analysis conclusion as evidence,the possibility that the predictable big data investigation may violate the doctrine of presumption of innocence,the obstruction of traditional investigation mode,the lack of sophisticated judicial investigative personnel and other problems. Meanwhile,the institution construction of big data investigation in judicial activities is studied. The principles of institution construction of big data investigation in judicial activities and its improvement measures are clarified.