“无奈”的多元词汇化兼谈“无奈”的词性

The Polylexicalization of Wu'nai(无奈) and Concurrently on Its Part of Speech

现代汉语"无奈"既可做不及物的动词,也可在后一分句句首做话语连接词。"无奈"的两种用法分别源于古汉语中"无奈何"和"无奈……何"两种跨层结构,"无奈"的形成是多元词汇化和语法化的结果。通过分析"无奈"词汇化和语法化的影响因素及表现,文章将现代汉语中的话语连接词"无奈"视为连词而非副词。

The word wu＇ nai（ 无奈 ） in modem Chinese can be used not only as an intransitive verb but as a connective at the beginning of the second clause. The usages were respectively derived from two trans-layered stuctures wu＇ naihe （ 无奈 ） and wu＇ nai X he （ 无奈……何） in ancient Chinese. Wu＇ nai（ 无奈） is the result of the polylexicalization and polygrammaticalization. Through analysis of the influence factors and details of its grammaticalization and lexicalization, the paper holds that connective wu＇ nai（ 无奈） is a conjunction not an adverb.