苏联革命历史题材油画中的历史叙述与意向表达

Historical Narration and Ideological Expression in Soviet Union's Revolutionary and Historical Oil Paintings

1917年俄国十月革命以后,世界上第一个社会主义国家诞生。对于十月革命后的苏俄社会,艺术家们充满了创作激情。他们选择与时代相关的主题来描绘革命、人民、领袖,其中许多作品延续了19世纪末的现实主义绘画传统。本文将主要通过"纪念十月革命100周年—俄罗斯国家历史博物馆藏十月革命文物展"中的部分历史题材画作,并结合历史记述、美术构图、色彩、政治象征、手势语言等进行初步分析,探讨作品如何反映历史的真实和政治的需求,关注画家的情感表达与作品的环境营造,揭示如何运用图像符号来传递信息,进而反映一个时代的精神世界。

The first socialist country Soviet Russia was born after the October Revolution in 1917. Artists were full of enthusiasm to display the society in this new state. They chose subjects that were closely related with the time and depicted the revolution, people and leaders. Most of the works they created followed the tradition of realistic painting in the late 19th century. This article studies several historical paintings from ＂Exhibition in Memory of the 100th Anniversary of the October Revolution - A Collection of Russian State Historical Museum＂ in terms of their related historical records, composition of image, application of colours, political implication and gestures of figures. The current author explores the way that artworks reflect the historical fact as well as political need, researches the painters＇ emotional expression and creation of atmosphere, and reveals how graphic elements were employed to convey information and reflect the spiritual world of the time.