清乾隆祭蓝釉描金粉彩御制诗方瓶考

A Study of the Porcelain Square Vase with Qianlong Poems

中国国家博物馆于1989年征集的清乾隆祭蓝釉描金粉彩御制诗方瓶,成型工艺复杂,体现了当时御窑高超的制瓷工艺;其装饰展现出"洛可可"风格,代表了乾隆朝瓷器生产的时代美学风标;瓶上的粉彩花卉融合了中西两种绘画方法,具有典型的乾隆时期宫廷花鸟画画风;所题乾隆御制诗《榴花》和《题恽寿平画:山茶》,收入乾隆二年(1731年)《乐善堂全集》。据清宫档案记载推测,方瓶烧成时间大约在乾隆二十二年至五十年(1757-1785)左右,为宫中陈设器,当初应为成对生产。督陶官制度对御窑瓷器的烧造起到了积极的推动作用,正是以唐英为代表的具有较高文化艺术修养、忠于皇权使命的督陶官的监造,保证了包括御制诗类题材在内的御窑瓷器的优良品质。

The square vase with flower design in famille rose and Qianlong Emperor＇s poems over a bright blue ground [清乾隆祭蓝釉金粉彩御制诗方瓶] collected at the National Museum of China features complicated mould-making techniques and reflects the excellent technology of porcelain manufacturing. It has a Rococo style design which represents the aesthetics of the Qianlong era. The famille rose flowers on the vase is typical in the Qianlong court painting, which adopt both Chinese and Western drawing methods. The two poems Pomegranate Flowers and Camellia： On the Painting of Yun Shouping written by Qianlong Emperor were collected in the Complete Works of Leshan Tang [乐善堂全集1731,. According to the court documents, the vase is speculated to have been made between 1757 and 1785, the 22nd and 55th year of the Qianglong reign. It was a decorative ware and was probably made in a pair. On the other hand, the establishment of the management system of the imperial kiln promoted the production of imperial porcelain in the Qianlong period. The diligent work of the supervisors of imperial kilns assured the high quality of this type of porcelain. Tang Ying was an outstanding example of them with loyalty and remarkable cultural and artistic qualities.