无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的诊疗研究进展

Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of cervical spinal cord injury without fracture or dislocation

无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤也称之为无放射影像学异常颈髓损伤，作为一种常见而又特殊的脊髓损伤，放射影像学检查表现轻微而症状重，若对此疾病认识不足，仅凭放射影像手段给予不恰当的诊治就会造成不良后果。目前对损伤机制以及治疗一直存在争议。了解其损伤机制，结合影像学检查，运用良好的分型系统，早期积极给予有效的手术干预有利于神经功能恢复。现就无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的损伤机制、影像学特点、损伤分型以及治疗的研究进展分别综述如下。

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture or dislocation is also known as cervical spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality. This disorder is a both common and special type of spinal cord injury. Its patients usually have a prior history of cervical spine disorder, and their symptoms deteriorate after trauma. Radiographic examination may reveal nothing serious but their symptoms appear severe. Lack of knowledge of this disorder may lead to incorrect diagnosis and treatment based only on radiological manifestations, causing adverse outcomes to the patients. Currently, controversy exists over its injury mechanisms and treatment strategies. It helps functional recovery of the nerves if surgeons can determine the injury mechanism, radiological examinations are taken, a fine classification system is applied, and early effective surge~~ is conducted. This review deals with the research progress in injury mechanisms, radiological features, injury classification and treatment of cervical spinal cord injury without fracture or dislocation.