中国儿童用药可及性分析

Analysis of Accessibility About Pediatric Drugs in China

目的了解当前中国医疗机构中儿童用药的可及性现状及存在的问题,为提高儿童用药的可及性提供政策建议。方法对21省市67家医疗机构进行问卷调研,从儿童用药配备、采购价格、医保覆盖情况、放宽"一品两规"政策执行、配送及供应保障等情况进行研究。结果各类医疗机构中儿童用药配备不足,儿童用药相较于同通用名的成人用药不具有价格优势,在国家医保目录中儿童用药纳入的品种仍然过少。同时,在各类医疗机构中儿童用药常常出现短缺,部分医疗机构对儿童用药放宽"一品两规"政策执行不到位;且由于儿童用药价格过低,各类医疗机构都普遍存在儿童用药配送不及时的现象。结论相关部门应围绕儿童用药的供应链环节,继续鼓励儿童用药新品种研发,深化儿童用药在价格、采购和医保支付标准等方面的改革,保障儿童用药生产供应,提高儿童用药的可及性。

OBJECTIVE To learn about the accessibility and problems about the pediatric drugs of medical institutions in China, and then provide the suggestions for improvement. METHODS Researching among the 67 medical institutions with the angles of storage, purchasing price, coverage of medical insurance, liberalization of ＂one drug with two specifications＂, dispatching and supply guarantee, ect. RESULTS The storage and amounts in National Health Insurance Directory of pediatric drugs were insufficient. Pediatric drugs had no advantages compared with adult drugs which had the same generic name. At the same time, most pediatric drugs were always shorten in medical institutions, and some institutions hadn＇t done the ＂one drug with two specifications＂ well. Because of the low price, the medical institutions all had the delayed dispatching problems. CONCLUSION The relevant departments should continue to encourage the research and development of new drugs and deepen the reform about the price, dispatching, payment standard of medical insurance. They also should ensure the supply and improve the accessibility in the succeeding work.