大数据与人的发展

Big Data and Human Development

考察人的发展有两个维度:一是经济的社会形态的维度,二是技术的社会形态的维度。大数据时代属于技术的社会形态,它有三个特征:人工智能、万物互联和算法为王。有学者认为,人工智能将使绝大多数人失去工作,成为"无用阶级";万物互联将使个人失去自主性,成为大数据的奴隶;算法为王则可能使人工智能反过来统治人类。这种分析仅仅抓住了技术的社会形态的变革,忽视了经济的社会形态从短缺经济时代到过剩经济时代的过渡。只有结合社会形态的这两种划分,才能理解大数据时代的真实含义,从而看到,大数据时代不仅为超越经济的社会形态、进入真正人的社会提供了条件,而且为人的全面发展和自由发展提供了可能。

There exist two dimensions in the research of human development: the dimension of the economic social forms and of the technological social forms. The so-called" big data era" belongs to the category of technological social forms, which is manifested by three characteristics: the artificial intelligence, the Internet of all things and the rule of the" algorithmic king". Some scholars think that the artificial intelligence will make most people lose their jobs and become" useless class", and that the internet of all things will make the individuals lose their autonomy and become the slaves of the big data, and that the" algorithmic king" will make the artificial intelligence rule the human beings. This analysis merely concentrates on the transformation of the technological social forms, while neglects the transformation from the era of economic shortage to the era of economic surplus of the economic social forms. Only in the combination of the two dimensions of the research can we understand the true meaning of the big data, and thus see the scene that the big data will not only provide the conditions of the transformation of economic social forms and entering the truly human society, but also will make it possible for the all-sided development and the free development of human beings.