以养殖保险为纽带的兽医治理四方联动机制

Four-party Joint Action Mechanism Connected by Animal Production Insurance in the Field of Veterinary Management

病死动物无害化处理关乎国家生态安全、公共卫生安全、食品安全、养殖业生产安全。近年来,各地将养殖保险与无害化处理相联结,逐渐形成了养殖场(户)得实惠、保险公司得市场、无害化处理方得效益、地方政府得政绩的四方受益联动机制。但实践中也凸显了一些体制、机制和操作上的障碍,如保险政策未覆盖所有养殖动物和养殖场(户),地方资金配套困难,无害化补助的动物种类不全以及标准低,畜牧兽医综合信息未与养殖业保险信息实现共享等。建议调整政策性保险条款,扩大养殖保险承保范围;加大无害化处理投入,扩大补助范围;加大病死动物资源化利用研发力度,提高无害化处理企业收益;建立资金减免机制,提高地方政府和养殖场(户)的投保积极性;建立多部门合作和信息共享机制,共同推进病死动物无害化处理工作,杜绝出现骗取补贴行为。

Bio-safety disposal of diseased and dead animals plays an important role in guaranteeing the national ecological safety,public health safety,safety of animal-origin food and production safety of animal production industry. In recent years,the local governments linked animal production insurance with the bio-safety disposal,and a joint action mechanism of four parties were gradually formed,by which the farmers got bene？ts,the insurance companies got market shares,the bio-safety disposal parties got income and bene？ts,and the local governments got achievements on the work performance. However,some obstacles in the aspects of system,mechanism and operation were also highlighted in practice,such as the insurance policy couldn＇t cover all of the farmers and animals,there were dif？culties in funds,the species of animals subsidized by the bio-safety subsidy were not enough,the subsidy standard was relative low,and the comprehensive information of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine failed to share with the insurance information of animal production industry. In the end,corresponding suggestions were put forward,including adjusting the policy-based insurance provisions,expanding the insurance coverage,increasing the investment of bio-safety disposal to expand the scope of grants,increasing the research and development efforts of dead animal resource utilization to improve the earnings of bio-safety disposal companies,establishing a mechanism of fund reduction or exemption to enhance the enthusiasm of local governments and farmers,developing a multi-sectoral cooperation and information sharing mechanism to jointly promote the bio-safety disposal,as well as eliminating the behaviors of defrauding subsidy.