基于ADAMS的冰箱压缩机曲轴配重块动态优化设计

Refrigerator Compressor Crankshaft Counterweight Block Dynamic Optimal Design Based on ADAMS

随着家电行业的不断发展,冰箱对压缩机的降噪要求越来越高。影响压缩机噪音的因素很多,其中压缩机零件振动是其主要来源之一。因此,从抑制压缩机零件本身振动角度出发,提出基于ADAMS仿真的曲轴配重块动态优化设计方案。以某型号冰箱压缩机曲轴设计为例,根据曲轴结构的设计空间布局要求,为了保证曲轴本身的静平衡,使曲轴本身质心位置位于曲轴回转轴线上,避免因偏心距导致的不平衡载荷,首先确定六种配重设计方案,然后基于运动学仿真,在对运动部件不施加外载荷及施加外载荷条件下,对比曲轴与气缸座之间XYZ三方向作用载荷,结果表明当考虑外载荷时,曲轴与气缸座XYZ三方向作用载荷将发生较大变化。因此,在进行曲轴配重块优化设计时,应考虑外载荷的影响。最后结合静平衡设计,优化得到曲轴配重块的最佳设计尺寸。

With the development of household electrical appliance industry, the noise reduction requirements of refrigerators are becoming higher and higher. There are many factors affecting compressor noise, among which compressor parts vibration is one of the main sources. Therefore, from the angle of reducing the vibration of the parts of the compressor, the dynamic optimization design of the crankshaft counterweight block based on the ADAMS simulation is proposed. In the design of a crankshaft model of refrigerator compressor as an example, according to the spatial layout of the crankshaft system requirements, in order to ensure the static balance of the crankshaft itself, so that the crankshaft itself is located in the centroid position of the rotation of the crankshaft axis, avoid eccentricity caused by unbalanced load, first of all, determine the design of six kinds of counterweight. Then based on the kinematics simulation, not imposed on the moving parts of external load and external load conditions, the comparison between the crankshaft and cylinder seat XYZ three direction load, the results show that when considering the external loads, the crankshaft and cylinder seat XYZ three direction load will change. Therefore, the influence of external load should be taken into account when optimizing the counterweight block of crankshaft. Finally, the optimum design size of crankshaft counterweight block is optimized by combining static balance design.