厨余垃圾堆肥培植及其效益分析

An Analysis of Kitchen Waste Compost and its Benefit

为探究厨余垃圾资源化利用的途径、改善生态环境质量,采用波卡西堆肥法处理厨余垃圾,将化肥、堆肥与原土按不同比例混合制成三种土壤作为培植基质,分别对照种植小白菜和飘儿白进行培植试验,研究厨余堆肥对植物生长和土壤理化性质的影响.结果表明:(1)堆肥土的有机质、全氮、全磷、水解性氮、速效磷高于普通尿素土和原土,有利于植物生长,且堆肥土p H低于普通尿素土;(2)堆肥培植后的土壤性质变化不同于另外两种土壤,其堆肥土的有机质含量会升高;(3)堆肥土所培植物更具生长优势,植株大小、叶宽等总体优于其他土壤.结论:厨余垃圾堆肥可以优化土壤,提高可回收资源的利用率,实现了废物减量化、资源化和无害化.

In order to explore the resource utilization of kitchen waste,and improve the social and environmental benefits. Kitchen waste was disposed by using the Bokashi compost method,and make three kinds of Culture medium,mixes different proportion chemical fertilizer（ common urea） with raw soil,mixes compost with raw soil,raw soil. Grow cabbage and piaoerbai to contrast and know the effect of Kitchen waste compost to Plant growth,soil physical and chemical properties. Through the detection of the changes in plant growth index and properties of plant growth substrate before and after before and after plant growing,Draw a conclusion that： First,compost can change soil properties and conducive to plant growth,make compost soil has higher content of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorus than soil with urea and raw soil. Also make compost soil has lower PH than soil with urea. Second,after composting,the soil property changes different from the other two soils,and the organic matter content of the compost soil is increased. Third,plant growth index indication that the plants grown in compost soil have more growth advantages,index such as Plant size,Blade width,etc. better than it in soil with urea and raw soil overall. It shows that kitchen waste composting can optimize soil,used for cultivating can improve the utilization rate of recycling resources,implements the kitchen waste decrement resource and the innocuity. Kitchen waste composting can be source of Bokashi compost method based on static compost container type,production can use organic manure or concentrated near to composting facilities for finishing product processed by large-scale composting fat again in order to improve the environmental benefits,social benefits and economic benefits.