基层社会治理的双重背离现象及对其探源

Double Paradoxes of the Grass-roots Social Governance and its Origins

基层社会治理长期存在着象征体系和客观事实的背离现象,一方面中央不断强调居民自治和协商民主,另一方面各级城市和区街政府却在不断强化社区居委会的公共管理职能和专业服务体系。再加上居委会任务的群众性和多元性,使得居委会干部不得不偏离区街政府的规范化管理体系,发展人情机制、建构积极分子网络,通过特殊联带关系进行治理。基层社会治理的双重背离问题背后反映出我国国家权威类型和治理体系停留在卡里斯玛类型和行政发包制。解决基层社会治理的双重背离问题需要国家权威类型和治理体系的法治化转变。

The difference between symbolic fact and objective fact lasts for a long time within grass-roots social governance. On the one hand,central government pays more attention on residents self-governance and deliberate democracy; on the other hand,local governments take public management and professional social service as their concerns. In addition,the multiplicity and popularity of its tasks result in the residents committees distracting from regular public management to develop informal joint relationships and construct positive members by which to govern the community. Behind the double paradoxes is a more complex problem that the authority type and governance system of our country are still charismatic authority and administrated contracting-out system. The solution to the double paradoxes is to change the charismatic authority and contracting-out system.