海南八音器乐的音乐学初探

Initial Probe into the Musicology of Hainan Ba Yin Instrumental Music

海南八音器乐是海南传统器乐的主要品种和典型代表,因采用弦、琴、笛、管、箫、锣、鼓、钹为代表的八大类乐器演奏而得名。海南八音器乐萌芽于汉魏,肇兴于唐宋,形成于明清以后。明代汪浩然父子为海南八音名家。海南八音器乐基本调式都在宫、商、角、徵、羽五种调式之内,大多数是七声音阶构成;节奏上,很少使用舒展的长节奏;曲式结构主要有套曲、中型乐曲和小乐曲三种;在旋法构成方面,基调是"无半音、五声性的三音组合"为主,但清角和变宫两个偏音大量出现。

Hainan Ba Yin instrumental music( literally Eight Sounds),a main type and typical representative of traditional Hainan instrumental music,is played by eight instruments,including Xian( string),Qin,flute,pipe,Xiao( vertical flute),gong,drum,and cymbal. Burgeoning in the dynasties of Han and Wei,developing in Tang and Song dynasties,this main local music matures after Ming and Qing dynasties. Wang Hao-ran and his son are the famous musicians for Hainan Ba Yin in Qing dynasty. Most Ba Yin's modes are composed of? heptachord scale of Do Re Mi Sol La. With very few long rhythms,Ba Yin varies in three major form structures of divertimento,medium and small pieces. In medodic structure,it features a keynote of"three-tone combination on pentatonic scale with no half-tones"with wide use of F and B.