广州地区1～6岁儿童饮食行为问题与家庭环境关系研究

Study on the Eating Problems and Family Environment among Children between 1 to 6 Years Old in Guangzhou

目的明确儿童饮食行为问题与家庭环境的相关性,为儿童饮食行为问题的干预提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,对广州市某医院和某社区门诊接受保健的1~6岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,收集社会人口学资料、家庭环境及饮食行为问题情况,分析探讨家庭环境与儿童饮食行为的相关性。结果在调查的322名儿童中,59.3%的儿童有饮食行为问题,其中吃饭慢及对食物不感兴趣检出率最高,分别为24.8%和24.5%。24~36月龄儿童饮食行为问题检出率最高。祖代抚养、看屏幕时间每天超过1小时的儿童出现饮食行为问题较多。多因素分析显示,主要抚养人文化程度低、儿童年龄越小、父母过多担忧更容易出现饮食行为问题。结论广州地区1~6岁儿童饮食行为问题较为突出,家庭环境对儿童饮食行为的影响不容忽视。应针对家庭环境影响因素,切实做好早期干预。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the eating problems among children between 1 to 6 years old in Guangzhou,and to analyze its correlation with family environment,so as to establish strategies for preventing abnormal eating habits in children.Methods Children between 1 to 6 years old were randomly selected from a Guangzhou hospital and community clinic.The social demographic data,family environment and characteristics of eating behavior were investigated with questionnaire.The correlation between family environments with children's eating problems was analyzed.Results Among the 322 children,59.3 % had a problem with eating behavior,the highest detection rate of eating problems was "eat slowly and disinterest in foods",occupying 24.8% and24.5%,respectively.The highest prevalence rate was among 24~36 months.Children who were raised by grandparents were more likely to have eating problems,and children who spent more than one hour a day on the screen were prone to having eating problems.Multiple regression analysis showed that caregivers' educational level,children'age and parents' with excessive worry about child's diet were related with children eating problem.Conclusion There was a high prevalence of eating problems in children between 1 to 6 years old in Guangzhou,and the influence of family environment should not be ignored.The early intervention should be taken.