巢湖浮游藻类功能群的组成特性及其影响因素

Composition and influential factors of phytoplankton function groups in Lake Chaohu

2015年1-12月逐月采集了巢湖9个断面的浮游植物,并对所采植物进行功能群划分,结果显示,巢湖的浮游植物可以划分为15个功能群:C、N、P、MP、S2、X1、X3、Y、F、J、H1、H2、LM、M、W1.不同时期调查的植物优势功能群存在差异,其中H2在12次调查中的优势度均≥0.02,成为巢湖的绝对优势功能群,H2功能群的组成藻类为鱼腥藻,次要的功能群为M,主要组成藻类为微囊藻,两个功能群均为富营养化功能类群.巢湖植物优势功能群不同时期的演替规律为:1月H2+Y经2月H2+J,3月H2,4月H2+F,5月H2,6月M,7月M+H2,8、9月M,11月H2+M转变为12月H2.RDA分析结果显示,巢湖植物功能群分布受水环境因子影响较为明显,整体上,水温、溶解性总磷、溶解性总氮、高锰酸盐指数和水深是影响巢湖植物功能群分布格局的主要因素.

This study was performed at the whole year in 2015 at 9 sampling sections of Lake Chaohu,aiming to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of the phytoplankton function groups. A total of 15 kinds of phytoplankton function groups were identified:C,N,P,MP,S2,X1,X3,Y,F,J,H1,H2,LM,M,W1. The phytoplankton function groups was dominated by H2 based on the dominant degree( ≥0. 02) and significant differences were found on phytoplankton function groups across 9 sampling sections in the twelve investigations,which mainly consisted of Anabaena,the second was M,which was mainly composed of Microcystis.Particularly,these two communities were characterized by the eutrophication. The successional routine of dominant phytoplankton function groups in different months could be summarized as follow: H2 + Y in January,to H2 + J in February,to H2 in March,to H2 + F in April,to H2 in May,to M in June,to M + H2 in July,to M in August and September,to H2 + M in November,to H2 in December. RDA was used to explore the relationship between phytoplankton function groups and major environmental factors.The results showed that temperature,total soluble phosphorus,total nitrogen solubility,permanganate index and water depth were the most important factors influencing the temporal and spatial distribution of phytoplankton function groups.