基于GIS的高海拔山区风电场智能微观选址研究

Research of Intelligent Micro-site Selection of Wind Farm in High Altitude Mountainous Areas Based on GIS

风电场微观选址是风电场建设的关键问题,关系到整个风电场建设的成败。目前常用的风电场选址设计软件在处理高海拔山区复杂地形时,由于地形对各处的风速影响较大,风能资源评估结果不够准确,导致选址效果并不理想。本文提出一种基于GIS空间分析的风电场智能微观选址方法,首先在GIS软件中对研究区的风能资源进行评估,得到风能资源的分布结果;通过山脊线、山顶点的自动提取,再对风能资源分布、山脊线、山顶点的结果进行叠置分析,在风能资源丰富的区域,选取山脊线上的山顶点位置布置风电机组,提供了初步的微观选址方案。本文通过云南省姚安县三道箐地区的风电场项目实例,对该方法的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,运用本文方法得到的风电场微观选址结果与实际项目的结果很接近,可以作为高海拔山区风电场微观选址。

The micro-site selection of wind farm is the key issue in wind farm construction, it relates to the success or failure of the entire wind farm construction. Due to the influences of terrain on the wind speed, the currently used wind farm site selection softwares can＇t support accurate assessment results of wind energy resources in high altitude mountainous area, the results of site selection are not satisfied. This paper raises an intelligent micro-site selection method of wind farm based on GIS spatial analyst. First, evaluating the wind energy resources of the study areas in GIS softwares and getting the distribution of wind energy resources; after the automatic extraction of ridge lines and mountain vertexs, overlaying and analyzing the results of wind energy resources distribution, ridge lines, mountain vertexs, and then selecting the areas rich in wind energy resources, arrange the wind turbines on mountain vertexs which are on the ridge lines. This provides a preliminary micro-site selection scheme for wind farm construction. This paper verifies the validity of the method through the wind farm project example in Yunnan Province Yao＇an County Sandaoqing areas. It shows that the results of wind farm site selection by using this method are very close to actual project results, and the method can be used in wind farm micro-site selection in high altitude mountainous areas.