性别议题的媒体表达研究——以9家媒体对屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖的报道为例

Media Representation of Gender Issues:A Case Study of Nine Chinese News Agencies' Reports on Tu Youyou as Nobel Prize Laureate

运用内容分析法和性别研究的框架,对人民网、新京报网、南方网、凤凰网、中华女性网、新浪、网易、搜狐、腾讯这9家媒体对屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖的报道情况进行性别分析发现,这些媒体尽管对屠呦呦获奖的报道有一定的重视,但是从社会性别的角度对报道内容进行议程设置的却并不普遍。媒体对性别议题的表达存在着多元化的话语设置方式,既有从性别平等和性别公正角度出发设置的报道议程(即具有性别敏感的报道),也有从一般性的新闻报道程式进行的议程设置(即性别不敏感的报道),也有从歧视性和差别性的视角出发设置的议程(即性别歧视性报道)。除了中华女性网之外,其他媒体对性别议题的报道均存在着性别不敏感的问题,对女性被报道对象的性别凝视,使得媒介对屠呦呦的外貌、衣着、家庭关系过度关注,这种媒介生产与传播模式暴露出媒体对从社会性别的角度设置性别议程的重要性还不够重视,也比较缺乏对性别议题予以"性别化"设置议程的意识和能力。

This article analyses online news reports on Tu Youyou's receiving the Nobel Prize from nine media( including People.cn,the Beijing News,News Guangdong,Ifeng.com,Women of China,Sina,Net Ease,Sohu,Tencent) using content analysis under the framework of Gender studies.The research found out that although these media did pay attention to the fact that Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize,few of them have covered the story and set the agenda from the perspective of gender.In general,the media set the agenda of gender issues in a diversified way.Some of them covered the story from a perspective of gender equality and gender justice( news reports with gender sensitivity) while some of them covered the story following a normal journalism way( news reports without gender sensitivity).Moreover,some of the media set the agenda in a way of discrimination and gender differences( news reports with gender discrimination).The research found out that all media except Women of China covered Tu Youyou's story without gender sensitivity.Media pays too much attention to Tu Youyou's appearance,clothing and family relationship because of the gender "gazing"towards women.This mode of media content production and dissemination show that the media didn't pay enough attention to agenda-setting of gender or "sexualization"of gender issues.