摘要
中央十八届三中全会以来提出的燃气改革要求,放开终端价格是主要目标之一,但价格放开是有范围、有前提、有条件的。燃气渠道的特殊在于,它是燃气的必要包装,因此得渠道者得用户。同时,城镇管网具有自然垄断属性,需要政府设定准入门槛和加强监管,因此燃气渠道和政策要求具有很强的关联性。利用产业经济学哈佛学派经典的SCP范式,分析政策和渠道对燃气市场绩效的整体影响和作用,指出渠道的多元化是价格放开的必要条件,也是目前促进市场改革的"牛鼻子",并且着重分析了各种渠道的政策差异、优劣势和适用对象。在燃气特许经营改革不到位和城镇管网无法代输的情况下,点供和大用户直供是一种必要的选择。在利益捆绑下,唯有依靠渠道的多元化,才能倒逼特许经营权的改革和渠道门槛的降低。现在的关键是通过政策的调整,可以减少这种过渡性副产品和过渡的时间,实现渠道的融合。
With regard to the natural gas reform requirements that have been proposed since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the CPC, releasing the terminal price is one of the main targets. However, the release of the price is limited by scope, premises and preconditions. The particularity of gas channel lies in that it is a necessary packaging of gas. Thus, those winning gas channel are winners. As urban pipeline network has natural monopoly attributes, it requires the government to set the threshold of entry and strengthen supervision. So, the gas channel and policy requirements are closely correlated. With the classical SCP paradigm of Harvard School in industrial economics, the overall impact and function of policy and channels on gas market performance are analyzed and the view of channels diversity is a precondition for price liberalization as well as the "key" to put market reform forward. Besides, policy differences, advantages and disadvantages and applicable objects of various channels are emphatically analyzed. In the case of unsuccessful gas franchise reform and failure of substitutive transmission of urban pipeline network, point supply and direct supply to large users are necessary. Under binding interests, only through the diversification of channels can the reform of the franchise be achieved and the threshold for channel be lowered. At present, what we should do is to reduce the transitional by-product and transition time through policy adjustment so as to realize the integration of channels.
出处
《天然气技术与经济》
2018年第1期52-57,共6页
Natural Gas Technology and Economy