液罐车液体侧向晃动模型研究

Study on Liquid Lateral Sloshing Model of Tank Vehicle

液体侧向晃动导致的车辆横向失稳是影响液罐车行驶安全性的重要因素。为了更精准地预测罐内液体的侧向晃动行为,在研究分析单质量椭圆规摆模型基础上,基于拉格朗日方法推导出多质量椭圆规摆模型。以双质量椭圆规摆模型为例,分析了液体质心摆角及摆角加速度响应特性,并对方程做出适当简化,推导出液体晃动固有频率同摆臂、质量比关系式。在此基础上,运用先进的流体仿真平台Fluent建立液体晃动CFD模型。液体非线性晃动条件下,对比单质量椭圆规摆模型(TP模型)、双质量椭圆规摆模型(DM TP模型)及CFD数值模拟液体晃动力矩。结果表明:双质量椭圆轨摆模型摆角响应较好,能够更好地预测罐内液体动态晃动行为。建立的多质量椭圆轨摆模型具有较高的预测精度和研究潜力。

Lateral instability of vehicles caused by lateral sloshing of liquid is an important factor affecting safety of tank vehicles. In order to predict lateral sloshing behavior of the liquid in tank more accurately, based on analysis of single-mass trammel pendulum model, multi-mass trammel pendulum model is deduced by Lagrange method. Taking double-mass trammel pendulum model as an example, the response of pendulum angle and pendulum angular acceleration in liquid centroid are analyzed, which equation is simplified and the natural frequency between the trammel pendulum and mass ratio of the liquid sloshing is deduced. On this basis, the CFD model of liquid sloshing is established by using advanced fluid simulation platform Fluent. Finally, single-mass trammel pendulum model （TP model）, double-mass trammel pendulum model （DM TP model） and CFD numerical simulation of liquid sloshing moment are compared under the condition of liquid nonlinear sloshing. The results show that the response of pendulum angle of the double-mass trammel pendulum model is better and it can predict the dynamic behavior of the liquid in the tank more accurately, and the multi-mass trammel pendulum model established in this paper has high prediction accuracy and potential.