中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展

Recent progress of climate change research in physical geography studies from China

气候学是自然地理学的重要组成部分;过去气候变化和当代气候增暖的影响与适应研究是中国自然地理学在气候变化领域的2个主要研究方向。本文综述了这2个研究方向的主要进展,包括:分别简述研究的意义、发展历程与主要科学问题;梳理总结中国过去气候变化重建与时空特征分析,历史时期气候变化的影响,全球增暖背景下中国气候区划变动特征,全球增暖对中国自然生态系统、水资源、农业等方面影响的区域差异,气候变化的综合风险区划等方面的前沿进展,特别是在各方面所取得的主要科学认识;以期为未来的深入研究,特别是编制相关领域和学科发展战略提供参考。

As a key subfield in climatology,the study of climate changes is the research focus of physical geography in China.In this article,we review recent progress in such study,which focused on past climate changes and climate change impacts and adaptations in the context of present global warming.The highlights and results of the studies are summarized,especially on the following issues： reconstruction of past climate in China,analysis of the spatiotemporal patterns of climate changes and their impacts during historical times in China,characteristics of changes on climate regionalization in China under global warming since 1950,regional difference of impacts of recent global warming on natural ecosystems,water resources,and agriculture in China,and comprehensive climate change risk regionalization of China.These results provided a solid scientific basis for forming disciplinary development strategies and further studies of related issues in the field of physical geography in China.