上颌窦区种植应用解剖要点

Applied anatomy of dental implant in maxillary sinus area

上颌后牙区种植时,由于牙槽骨的吸收以及上颌窦的存在,常面临垂直骨量不足的问题。上颌窦底提升术是解决该区域骨量不足的重要方法。术前检查和了解上颌窦的解剖特点,对上颌窦底提升术的实施具有重要意义。文章详细论述了与种植有关的上颌窦形态、分隔、黏膜、血供及神经支配等解剖学结构特点,以期为临床医生进行上颌窦底提升术提供解剖学方面的参考。

Insufficient bone height of the edentulous maxillary molar region is caused by alveolar ridge absorption and the presence of maxillary sinus. Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a significant method to increase the bone height in posterior maxilla. Preoperative examination and understanding of the anatomy of maxillary sinus are of great significance for the implementation of maxillary sinus floor elevation. This article reviewed the anatomical structures of maxillary sinus, such as morphology, septum, mucosa, blood supply and innervation which are related to the implant surgery.