经侧壁开窗上颌窦底外提升植骨术窦黏膜穿孔及处理

Sinus membrane perforations during maxillary sinus floor elevation by lateral window technique,risk control and management

垂直骨量不足是上颌后牙种植的常见问题。上颌窦底提升植骨技术为种植体植入及修复创造了条件,成为上颌后牙区骨量不足的常规骨增量技术。穿牙槽嵴技术(内提升)虽然具有创伤更小、手术时间缩短、并发症更少等优点,但是要求医生具有侧壁开窗上颌窦底提升(外提升)的经验,以便于临床中能够及时安全有效地处理内提升出现的并发症。上颌窦外提升虽可发生术中黏膜穿孔、术后感染等并发症,但经过妥善处理,仍可获得良好的植骨效果和较高的种植体存留率。文章针对上颌窦外提升最常见的黏膜穿孔,针对其发生的风险因素及穿孔处理进行报告,为上颌后牙缺失患者的种植修复治疗提供参考。

Vertical bone deficiency is common in the edentulous posterior maxilla. During the last decades, maxillary sinus floor elevation has become a reliable and predict- able augmentation technique to facilitate implant placement in the posterior maxilla region with inadequate bone height. Sinus floor elevation by transcrestal approach gained lots of popularity recently due to the advantages such as less trauma, shortened surgical time and less postoperative reaction, but it requires that clinicians have rich experience in lateral window technique in case of handling with the complications of membrane perforation and bleeding, etc. This article discussed the risk factors and management of membrane perforation during sinus floor elevation by lateral window approach.