英国文学中的金钱及拜金主义批判——莫尔、莎士比亚、笛福合论

Criticism on Money and Money Worship in British Literature: On Moore,Shakespeare,and Defoe

人类进入文明社会以后,金钱成为财富和地位的首要象征,人们对金钱的态度复杂多样,金钱也因此成为文学中一个常见范畴,受到世界作家的广泛描写,而其中对金钱的批判是一个永恒的普遍性主题。在英国文学中,从托马斯·莫尔历经莎士比亚,到笛福、斯威夫特,都对金钱进行深入描写和批判,作家们在批判金钱使国家和社会失去正当性的同时,也深入揭示了金钱对正常人性的异化和腐蚀,并以此呼吁处于金钱迷雾中的人性正常回归。

Money becomes the primary symbol of wealth and status after human beings enter the civilized society. The attitude of people towards money is complex and diverse. Money has become a common category in literature,which is widely described by writers from the world,and therefore the critique of money is regarded as an eternal universal theme. In the British literature,from Thomas Moore,Shakespeare,to Defoe and Swift,there is an in-depth description and critique on money.While criticizing the loss of legitimacy of state and society because of money,writers also deeply reveal the alienation and corrosion of money in normal human nature,and liberate people from the bondage of money.