眼部B型超声在诊断视网膜裂孔中的临床价值及形态分析

Clinical Value and Morphological Analysis of B-mode Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of Retinal Hole

目的探讨眼部B型超声在诊断视网膜裂孔中的临床价值及超声形态分析。方法收集眼部B型超检查高度怀疑视网膜裂孔病例65例(65只眼),经过散瞳后三面镜进一步检查确诊为视网膜裂孔的病例60例(60只眼,占92%),每只眼都经过轴位、横扫、纵扫三种扫查方式探查,分析视网膜裂孔在超声上的形态特征。结果眼部B型超声高度怀疑视网膜裂孔的病例经三面镜检查确诊干性马蹄形裂孔35只眼(占54%),马蹄形裂孔伴视网膜浅脱离20只眼(占31%),卵圆形裂孔2只眼(占3%),巨大裂孔3只眼(占4%),周边视网膜变性、牵拉5只眼(占8%)。结论眼部B型超声检查对周边视网膜裂孔的诊断提供了重要的临床价值,尤其对屈光间质混浊患者眼部B超可作为眼科筛查的首选方法,各型视网膜裂孔特征性改变为初学者提供了很好的参考依据。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of B-mode ultrasonography in the diagnosis of retinal tear and its morphological analysis. Methods Collect eye B-scan examination of suspected retina hole in 65 cases（65 eyes）,were examined further by three-mirror after pupil dilatation confirmed 60 cases（60 eyes,92%） for diagnosis,each eye was scanned by axial,sweeping and vertical,and the morphological feature of the retinal fissure in ultrasound were analyzed. Results Eyes with high suspected retinal hole were examined under three-mirror examination,there were 35 eyes（54%） of horse-shoe without retinal detachment,20 eyes（31%） of horse-shoe retinal with retinal detachment,2 eyes（3%） of oval hole and 3 eyes（4%） of giant retinal tears,5 eyes（8%） of peripheral retinal degeneration and traction. Conclusions B-scan provides an important clinical value in the diagnosis of peripheral retinal holes,especially,it can be used as the first choice to exam eyes with refractive interstitial opacity,the characteristic changes of various types of retinal breaks provide a good reference for beginners.