论儒学与我国少数民族哲学文化关系的历史发展

On the Historical Development of the Interaction between Confucianism and Chinese Ethnic Minority Philosophy and Culture

儒学与我国少数民族哲学文化的关系在先秦的孕育阶段,经过深刻的"华夷之辨",处于关系建构、探索奠立时期。汉唐之间由儒学对我国少数民族先民哲学文化思想观念的初始传播到深入影响,有的少数民族的哲学文化、思维水平甚至显现出与一定时期中原儒学文化的交流融通或理论同构性特征。五代十国两宋时期,演进到我国少数民族哲学文化主体意识增强、各以本民族哲学文化思想观念为母体自主地消化融会儒学,元明清三朝转化创新并涌现出"释儒""伊儒"等少数民族儒学形态。儒学与我国少数民族哲学文化思想观念"和而不同"、交融互动的关系,由外在到内生地创造性转化、创新性发展,促进了中国少数民族儒学多元化理论形态的创新性建构,是中华各民族团结统一、和谐共进的重要传统思想文化资源。

In ancient Qin Dynasty,the interaction between Confucianism and Chinese ethnic minority philosophy and culture was in a tentative budding stage,accompanied with deep cultural Sino-centrism known as " Hua-Yi Distinction". During the Han and Tang Dynasties,Confucianism imposed more and more influence on Chinese ethnic minority philosophy and culture so that the latter even resembled Confucianism theoretically and structurally in certain regions and corresponding periods. In the Five Dynasties and Ten States as well as the subsequent Northern Song and Southern Song Dynasties,Chinese ethnic minorities sought cultural assimilation with Confucianism on the basis of subjective consciousness in philosophy and culture of each of their own ethnicity. Further in Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties,such assimilation was innovatively transformed in forms of " Confucianism Interpretation" and " Yi-Confucianism". Hence,from external connection to internal innovative transformation,the " Harmonious but Different" state of and the interaction between Confucianism and Chinese ethnic minority philosophy and culture have boosted the establishment of a theoretically diversified framework of Chinese ethnic minority Confucianism,which,as a significant source of traditional thoughts and culture,has conversely enhanced Chinese ethnic solidarity and harmony.