选择最佳治疗:来访者-治疗方法的匹配

Selecting the best treatment: Client-treatment match

来访者-治疗方法匹配认为不同的来访者应选择不同的治疗方法。受循证心理治疗思潮影响,匹配有三种思路:根据来访者问题选择治疗方法,根据来访者社会人口学特征、临床特征、心理特征、文化、偏好等选择治疗方法,依据来访者心理特征选择治疗风格。未来研究需要进一步梳理来访者特征变量间的关系,选择合适的治疗方法评价指标,转换研究范式,将研究和临床实践紧密结合,帮助来访者实现个别化治疗。

Client-treatment match holds the idea that to maximize the effect of psychotherapy, different clients should be matched with different treatments. Influenced by the evidence-based psychotherapy approach, the match between clients and treatments can be determined by the diagnosis of the client, the client profile including demographic, clinical, psychological and culture factors as well as the personal preferences, and the suitability between the style of the treatment and the psychological characteristics of the client. In order to achieve personalized treatment and the best possible effect, future studies may need to further understand the relationship among all the relevant variables of the client, to choose appropriate indicators for treatments comparison, to improve research paradigm, and to closely integrate the research and the clinical practice.