基于正面25%重叠偏置碰撞测试的轿车改进设计

Modification Design of a Sedan Based on 25% Overlap Frontal Crash Test

根据2012年8月美国公路安全保险协会新推出的车辆正面25%重叠碰撞测试规程对某款轿车进行碰撞仿真和试验,结合仿真和实车试验结果分析了车辆正面小重叠碰撞事故的特点,并根据评估规程评估该车的车体结构仅达到及格等级。为提高该车的碰撞安全性能,从车体结构设计和关键部件材料更换这两条途径对该车进行改进,改进后在同一工况下的仿真结果显示车辆的车体变形程度和乘员舱侵入量明显减小,车体结构评估等级提升为良好,说明改进后该车的碰撞安全性能有较大幅度的提高。

According to Small Overlap Frontal Crashworthiness Evaluation Rating Protocol,newly introduced by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety( IIHS) in the US in August 2012,a 25% overlap frontal crash simulation is carried out on a sedan. Based on the results of simulation and real vehicle test,the features of vehicle's small overlap frontal crash accidents are analyzed,and according to the evaluation procedure the body structure of the sedan is evaluated as just marginal. In order to enhance the crashworthiness of the vehicle,its body is modified by the changes in both structural design and material. The results of simulation on the vehicle modified under the same condition show that its body deformation and occupant compartment intrusion are significantly reduced,and the evaluation rating of its body structure is upgraded to acceptable,demonstrating that the crashworthiness of the sedan is greatly improved after modification.