论“天人相应”思想对日本传统饮食结构的影响

Influence of the Theory “Harmony between Man and Nature” on Japan's Traditional Dietary Structure

"天人合一"思想认为人类的行为须与天地自然保持一致,人类要尊重自然,顺应自然,达到人与自然和谐。在"天人合一"思想的影响下,中国古人形成了"天人相应"的饮食观念,即日常饮食不仅要顺应四季的变化,还要顺应当地的物产。这种观念随着中国古代文化传到日本,对日本的饮食思想和传统饮食结构产生了深刻的影响。笔者认为,"大米+日式汤底+蔬菜"的饮食结构主要受岛国地理环境、江户时代历史环境、自然变化和四季更替等的影响。

The theory,unity between man and nature,indicates that behavior of humans must stay the same with nature. In order to live in harmony with nature,human is supposed to respect and conform to nature. Under its influence,ancient Chinese developed a dietary concept of "harmony between man and nature",which suggests that diet should not only follow the change of seasons,but also conform to local produce. As this concept spread to Japan along with ancient Chinese culture,it had a profound impact on Japan's dietary concept and traditional dietary structure. The author holds that Japanese dietary structure "rice + soup + vegetables"is mainly influenced by the its geological conditions as an island country,the historical environment of Edo period,the change of nature and seasons,and so on.