双料箱施肥机关键部件的设计

Design of key components of fertilizer applicator with double fertilizer boxes

为了合理利用有机肥和复合肥,满足多种经济作物的施肥要求,本研究研制了双料箱施肥机,可一次性完成起垄和施肥作业。为了合理设计该施肥机的排肥参数,对复合肥和自行研制的酒糟有机肥进行物理性质测定。根据2种肥料的物理性质并结合施肥要求,得到该机具有机肥和复合肥的排肥机构、料箱等关键部件的设计参数,排肥机构的极限转速为3.23 r/s。机具的田间试验结果表明,各档位施肥的均匀度均在94%以上,复合肥与酒糟有机肥施肥量在各档位下的变异系数均在0.04以内,施肥比例均接近于3∶1。施肥幅宽和深度的均值为5.43 cm和21.64 cm,变异系数分别为0.07和0.04,基本达到了当地的施肥要求。

For the purpose of rational utilization of organic and compound fertilizer to meet the plantation needs of multiple industrial crops,a fertilizer applicator with double fertilizer boxes was developed,which could complete ridge and fertilization operations at the same time. To design the distributing parameters of the machinery,the physical properties of the commercial compound fertilizer and vinasse organic fertilizer of self-developed were determined. According to the physical properties of the two kinds of fertilizer and fertilizer requirements,the machine was designed,including fertilizer mechanism,container and other key components. It determined that the speed limit of the fertilizer applicator was 3. 23 r/s. According to field trials of the machine,application uniformity of fertilizer under different shifts were above 94%,the coefficient of variation of the compound fertilizer and vinasse organic fertilizer fertilization amount was within 0. 04,and application ratio of organic and compound fertilizer was 3 ∶ 1. Application width and application depth were 5. 43 cm and 21. 64 cm,and the coefficients of variation were 0. 07 and 0. 04.