对外直接投资影响我国创新能力的机制与实证研究——技术差距视角的门槛检验

The Mechanism and Empirical Study on the Influence of Foreign Direct Investment to China's Innovation Capability——Threshold Test Based on Technology Gap Perspective

利用2003-2015年我国内地30个省份的省际面板数据,在概述对外直接投资影响一国创新能力作用机制的基础上,借鉴Lichtenberg和Pottelsberghe提出的国际研发溢出测算方法,从技术差距视角出发,运用面板门槛模型实证检验二者间的关系。结果显示:对外直接投资可以通过R&D成果反馈效应、并购整合效应以及产业前后向关联效应提升一国创新能力;在不同的门槛取值区间内,OFDI逆向技术溢出对创新能力提升的作用呈显著倒U型特征,只有在最优技术差距区间内才能发挥其最大效应。最后,在作用机制概述和实证研究结论基础上,从政府和企业两个层面提出政策建议。

Using the 2003-2015 provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China,in the basis of general analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment in innovation mechanism,with reference to international R&D spillovers method proposed by Potterie and Lichtenberg,using panel threshold model empirical test of the relationship from the perspective of technology gap.The results of the study show that OFDI can enhance the innovation ability of a country through the R&D results feedback effect,the M&A integration effect and the industry before and after the correlation effect.The empirical results show that OFDI reverse technology spillovers in different thresholds,The ability to enhance the innovation capacity presents a significant "Inverted U" feature,and only in the optimal technical gap can play its maximum effect.Finally,based on the conclusions of the mechanism and empirical research,the paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions from the government and the enterprise.