胞外DNA的作用及其在生物浸矿领域的研究展望

Functions of extracellular DNA and research prospects in the field of biological leaching

胞外DNA作为细菌胞外多聚物的关键组分,对生物膜的形成和稳定有着重要的作用。正是这些作用使得胞外DNA成为医学、环境科学等领域的研究热点。该文从胞外DNA研究背景出发就其来源途径、作用,以及研究胞外DNA的方法和技术手段,包括胞外DNA提取和离线检测、原位观察及监测等方面进行了综述,同时对研究胞外DNA遇到的问题以及在生物冶金领域未来的研究前景进行展望,以期为今后深入开展浸矿微生物胞外DNA的研究提供思路,从而提高浸矿微生物胞外DNA作用机理研究的深度。

Extracellular DNA （eDNA） as a key component of extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） is essential in the formation and development of biofilm. These roles make the eDNA become a hot research topic in medicine, environment science and other fields. Beginning with the background of the eDNA study, this article reviews the sources and functions, the methods and techniques to study eDNA, including the extraction methods and off-line detection, in-situ observation and monitoring of eDNA. Meanwhile, the problems encountered in the research of eDNA and the research prospects of eDNA in the field of biohydrometaUurgy are also discussed, aiming at providing insights into the future research on eDNA of bioleaching microorganisms, so as to enhance the study on-fimctional mechanisms of eDNA into a deeper degree.