2016年绍兴市铅作业工人监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of workers exposed to lead in Shaoxing in 2016

目的为预防、控制职业病,保护铅作业工人健康,掌握铅中毒发病规律和趋势,为职业病防治提供科学依据。方法采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法进行检测,按职业性慢性铅中毒诊断标准进行评价。结果 2016年绍兴市铅作业工人在岗体检523人,400μg/L~<600μg/L血铅含量检出率为4.2%,≥600μg/L的血铅含量检出率为1.5%,70μg/L~<120μg/L尿铅含量检出率为0.8%,≥120μg/L尿铅含量检出率为0.3%。血铅增高以小型、私有企业为主,男性血铅增高检出率较女性高。结论铅作为绍兴市主要职业病危害因素之一,企业应采取有效的职业病防治措施,加强劳动者个体防护与职业健康监护。此外,职业卫生监管部门应加强对高风险人群及重点地区开展健康管理,保障劳动者健康,还应加强职业病例的后续随访,提高劳动者职业寿命。

Objective To prevent and control occupational diseases,protect the health of workers exposed to lead,and control the incidence and trend of lead poisoning,so as to provide scientific basis for the occupation disease prevention and control.Methods Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was conducted for detection,according to diagnostic criteria for occupational chronic lead poisoning evaluation. Results The total 523 workers exposed to lead on duty were tested in Shaoxing in 2016. The detection rate of blood lead level within 400 μg/L-600 μg/L was 4. 2%,and that of the level ≥600 μg/L was 1. 5%. The detection rate of urine lead level within 70 μg/L-120 μg/L was 0. 8%,and the level ≥120 μg/L was 0. 3%.Blood lead levels increased mainly in small and private enterprises,while men had higher blood lead levels than women.Conclusion Lead is one of the major occupational hazards in Shaoxing,enterprises should take effective measures to prevent and control occupational diseases,and strengthen individual protection and occupational health surveillance. In addition,the occupational health supervision department should strengthen the health management for high-risk groups and key areas,guarantee the health of workers,and strengthen the follow-up of occupational cases to improve the occupational life of workers.