2012～2016年云南省婴幼儿食品和即食食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况调查评估

Investigation and assessment of Bacillus cereus contamination in infants and youngchildren foods and ready-to-use foods in Yunnan from 2012 to 2016

目的调查分析和评估云南省2012～2016年婴幼儿食品和即食食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况。方法本研究的样品包括2012年到2016年采集自云南省16个地州的1014份婴幼儿食品和3361份即食食品。按照GB 4789.14-2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验蜡样芽胞杆菌检验》第一法平板计数法进行检验,并用国际上现有的限量标准进行评估分析。结果婴幼儿食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌的平均检出率分别为18.1%(2012)、5.5%(2013)、18.2%(2014)、2.5%(2016),超标产品的比例分别为1.1%(2012)、1.9%(2013)、1.7%(2014)。即食食品的平均检出率分别为7.6%(2012)、1.3%(2013)、13.9%(2014)、6.5%(2015)、10.1%(2016)。结论建议对婴幼儿食品中的蜡样芽胞杆菌以10~2 CFU/g为临界值进行污染评估、对普通即食食品针对儿童与成人分别以10~3～10~5 CFU/g和大于10~5 CFU/g 2个值作为临界值进行评估。

Objective To investigate and assess the Bacillus cereus contamination in infants and young children foods and ready-to-use foods in Yunnan in 2012～2016. Methods All of the samples including 1014 infants and young children foods and 3361 ready-to-use foods were collected in 16 regions of Yunnan from 2012 to 2016. The samples were tested according to the first method of GB 4789.14-2014 National food safety standard Food microbiological examination-Bacillus cereus inspection, and evaluated based on existing limit standards in the world. Results Average detection rates of Bacillus cereus in infants and young children foods were 18.1%（2012）, 5.5%（2013）, 18.2%（2014）, and 2.5%（2016）, respectively. Overaverage standardrates were 1.1%（2012）, 1.9%（2013）, 1.7%（2014）.The average detection rates in ready-to-use foods were 7.6%（2012）, 1.3%（2013）, 13.9%（2014）, 6.5%（2015）, 10.1%（2016）, respectively. Conclusion It is possible that 100 CFU/g of Bacillus cereus is limit for critical value for infants and young children foods. For ready-to-use foods, 10^3～10^5 CFU/g and more than 10^5 CFU/g are the limits for children and adults, respectively.